The Mountain View by Onexn Architects | Dialogue and Rebirth

Shenzhen, China
South facade ©
Photo © Zhang Chao
Partial view of the main entrance
Photo © Zhang Chao
The veranda on the east facade
Photo © Zhang Chao
Rooftop terrace blends with nature
Photo © Zhang Chao
Semi aerial view of west facade © Zhang Chao
Photo © Zhang Chao
Night view of west facade
Photo © Zhang Chao
East facade and Yanhan Mountain at dusk
Photo © Zhang Chao
East facade
Photo © Zhang Chao
South facade after renovation
Photo © Zhang Chao
Main entrance and facade after renovation
Photo © Zhang Chao
Facade
Photo © Zhang Chao
Night view of west facade
Photo © Zhang Chao
Exhibition hall on 4F
Photo © Zhang Chao
Exhibition hall on 4F © Zhang Chao
Photo © Zhang Chao
Stairs before transformation
Photo © Onexn Architects
Skylight and stairs after renovation
Photo © Zhang Chao
Natural light and French windows
Photo © Zhang Chao
Daylighting atrium at store area
Photo © Zhang Chao
Daylighting atrium at store area
Photo © Zhang Chao
Gallery entrance and reinforced structures
Photo © Zhang Chao
Interior of art gallery
Photo © Zhang Chao
Restaurant entrance
Photo © Zhang Chao
View of surrounding environment
Photo © Zhang Chao
Light and space
Photo © Zhang Chao
Rooftop terrace
Photo © Zhang Chao
Terrace courtyard
Photo © Zhang Chao
Terrace dining area © Zhang Chao
Photo © Zhang Chao
Aerial view of the east facade
Photo © Zhang Chao
1F plan
Drawing © Onexn Architects
Master plan
Drawing © Onexn Architects
3F plan
Drawing © Onexn Architects
4F plan
Drawing © Onexn Architects
2F plan
Drawing © Onexn Architects
5F plan
Drawing © Onexn Architects
Original site
Picture © Onexn Architects
Architectural surface generation strategy
Picture © Onexn Architects
Section
Drawing © Onexn Architects
Exploded diagram of exhibition hall on 4F
Drawing © Onexn Architects
Arquitectos
ONEXN
Localização
Shenzhen, China
Ano
2019
Design firm
Onexn Architects
Chief architects
Zhang Bo, Wang Jingjing
Design team
An Bingxiang, Fu Yanli, Qiu Jianhai, Zeng Ming, Wang Wanyue, Yuan Jingjing, Cai Ziying (Intern), Jiang Peichuan (Intern)
Building construction drawings
Chen Ming
Interior construction drawings
Li Nanfang, Li Wenkui
Structural consultant
Tang Gongmin
Structural reinforcement method
bonding profile steel and anchoring stirrups
Materials
self-leveling cement, weathering steel, laminated bamboo, ultra-clear glass, glass brick, white latex paint
Lighting design
PUDI Design
Area
6,000 m2
Design phase
July 2017-December 2017
Construction phase
February 2018-September 2019

01 Natural and serene surroundings
Situated beside Yanhan Mountain, the building is very close to nature and not far away from the city as well. It boasts tranquil natural surroundings, and faces multiple building clusters and public spaces of OCT LOFT, Shenzhen.

The client's design brief didn't specify a clear direction for the renovation of the dilapidated building, so the architects had to identify a most appropriate solution among various possibilities.

02 Nature-facing building
In the bustling concrete jungle, nature is very precious. The original building is dilapidated, contrasting yet integrating with lush greenery around it. Through prudent design intervention, Onexn Architects intended to establish a new dialogue between nature and the building, and create experiences that are relevant to daily life.

The building consists of 5 floors. It adjoins a dormitory building and a court on east and south sides, and nestles under Yanhan Mountain on north and west sides. Before renovation, the first floor of the building was still in use, while the storeys above were in disrepair and leaky.

However, both the client and Onexn Architects saw new possibilities, hoping to bring people back to the building and feel the unique beauty of nature.

03 Combination of art and commerce
The project is situated within OCT LOFT, a creative and cultural park that has accumulated rich cultural resources over the years. Based on the surrounding business environment, the client hoped that commercial operations in the building emphasize nature, integration, rarity and complementarity. After investigation and research, Onexn Architects decided to carry out transformation and renovation based on three key points: combination of art and commerce, complementarity of catering space and workspace, and branding-oriented spatial operation.

Through renovating and repurposing the building, the architects aimed to create a distinctive and mix-used cultural complex, which integrates diversified functional spaces such as store, restaurant, art gallery, theater, workspace, etc. The team incorporated a series of new business modes into the architectural space, to reorganize and activate the old property, blend it with surrounding fabric, and create a new artistic destination for the city.

04 Iconic facades that blend into nature
New facades were naturally formed through enriching and integrating architectural spaces. The architects created large areas of blank surfaces and void spaces at staggering heights, and attached great importance to visitors' experience, including the journey of entering the building and interaction with outdoor environment from the interior. The team hoped that visitors would be touched by nature and stimulated to interact with the building along the way walking close to the architecture.

The east facade is partially hidden in nature. The original entrance of 1F is not used as the main entrance of the building, since the lease of the existing canteen on this floor hasn't expired yet. Instead, the architects made use of the height difference of the site, and set the main entrance beside the west square, which can be reached by pedestrians and vehicles along a slope.

Trees reveal a corner of the slope. The boundary of the slope is defined by weathering steel screens, which help guide visitors to stroll upwards and reach the main entrance.

Standing on the small yet open square in front of the main entrance, visitors can have a panoramic view of west and south facades of the building. Onexn Architects tried to create a holistic building surface. The whole architecture is like a hill, with stacked volumes extending to the sky and Yanhan Mountain.

The terrace above the main entrance is connected with a black spiral staircase that leads to 4F and 5F. Diversified structural blocks and distinct material textures complement each other, together producing an iconic facade.

05 Multiple functions and diversified spaces
How to organize diversified functional areas in a reasonable manner and even leave space for future functional adjustment was a primary consideration. 2F is a vigorous space for pop-up market and exhibition, while 3F mainly functions as workspace. Restaurant, art gallery and theater are set on 4F and 5F. The fourth floor is the most complex space, which accommodates an urban exhibition hall, a bookstore, a gallery space, and theater entrance, etc.

4F - Urban Exhibition Hall
As the elevator reaches 4F, the urban exhibition hall will firstly come into view. Onexn Architects took advantage of the 1.2-meter height difference within the space, and created an experiential exhibition space where visitors can wander around.

After completion of the renovation, Onexn Architects curated an exhibition themed on "Concept of Dialogue" in this exhibition hall, which displayed the whole process of the project, from preliminary discussion to construction.

Staircase renovation (2F-4F)
Staircase stretches from 2F to 4F, forming an atrium space. Natural light penetrates and filters into the atrium. The staircase is the main traffic node within the architectural space, and at the same time provides a venue for resting and salon activities.

4F - Bookstore
The bookstore is set around the skylight and beside the stairwell. The skylight and large areas of glass bring daylight and outdoor greenery into the space, thereby enhancing fusion and interaction between interior and outside.

4F - Art gallery
Opposite to the bookstore is an art gallery, where Onexn Architects retained an existing structural column. The exposed reinforced concrete column contrasts with clean and smooth new walls, hence generating a dialogue between the old and new. Besides, it also functions as a clue to the art gallery, where original architectural structures were completely preserved.

The existing grid of beams helped form a column-free gallery space. The ceiling shows a strong sense of order and is highlighted by light, which generates a bright and aesthetic environment.

Theater (3F-4F)
The theater occupies the east side of 3F and 4F. The architects created several setbacks outside theater space, to form a double-height veranda, which guides people to enter the interior and allows them to enjoy and interact with greenery, sunshine and nature. This veranda blurs the boundary between the architecture and the surrounding environment. Steel columns at the corridor area are arranged in a row, which echoes flourishing plants nearby. Another entrance of the theater is set on 3F, which is flat and barrier-free.

5F - Restaurant
The restaurant sits on the top floor. Functional spaces including private dining rooms and kitchen are folded out around the central courtyard and based on external environment. Onexn Architects rotated those volumes and carved out the rooftops, to establish a relatively close relationship between the interior and nature. Each room has a triangular balcony, which helps enhance interaction with nature. Standing here, you can smell the fragrance of plants and feel the mottled tree shadows.

Around the central courtyard is an open-air veranda, which not only links different areas but also blends the space into nature. The veranda is supported by rectangular steel pillars, which are arranged in a matrix, endowing the space with a sense of lightness and order. The restaurant floor is covered by various materials including greenery, pebbles, corrosion-resistant wooden panels and cement, to demarcate different functional spaces.

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